Hamamelis virginiana is a deciduous, multi-stemmed shrub or small tree native to eastern North America. It is the most widely distributed species within the Hamamelis genus, which is part of the Hamamelidaceae family. Common Witch Hazel typically grows 15-20 feet tall and 12-15 feet wide, forming an upright, spreading, and irregularly-shaped plant. Its bark is smooth and gray, while the leaves are large, broad, and oval-shaped, emerging green in spring, maturing to a dark green color in summer, and then transforming to vibrant shades of yellow, orange, or red in fall. The real showstopper of Hamamelis virginiana, however, is its unique and captivating flowers. These delicate, spidery blooms emerge in late fall, just as the leaves are dropping, and can persist into early winter. The fragrant, ribbon-like petals come in shades of yellow, orange, or red. One of the most distinctive features of Common Witch Hazel is its ability to bloom so late in the season, providing a welcome burst of color and fragrance when most other plants have gone dormant. This makes the shrub particularly valuable for adding seasonal interest to the landscape. Hamamelis virginiana thrives in partial shade to full sun and prefers moist, well-drained, acidic soils rich in organic matter. It is highly adaptable, tolerating a range of soil types and conditions, including clay, sand, and even poor, dry soils. The shrub is also known for its excellent drought tolerance once established. In the garden, Witch Hazel makes an excellent specimen plant, border shrub, or naturalized addition to woodland settings. Its multi-season interest, from the fall flowers to the vibrant autumn foliage, makes it a versatile and valuable landscape plant. The shrub's irregular, arching habit also allows it to be used effectively for erosion control on slopes. Overall, Hamamelis virginiana is a unique, fragrant, and highly ornamental native shrub that brings a touch of late-season beauty and interest to the garden. Its adaptability, low-maintenance nature, and four-season appeal make it a standout choice for many gardeners.
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